The Rhondda Leader

( ————— Make up your minds to Emigrate! Emigrate with the WHITE STAR, DOMINION, CANADIAN PACIFIC AND AMERICAN S.S. LINES. .?S? .?s"?   t .?? 4&L EVANS&SHORT PRINTERS, TONYPANDY, The local Agents, cam book you through DIRECT FROM THE RHONDDA TO ANY STATION IN THE WORLD I See Window Bills and Hoardings for next Sailings. Moderate Fares' Unexcelled Accommodation The White Star Triple Screw R.M.S. Olympic, 45,000 tons (the largest and finest steamer in the world), sails on •Wednesday, June 14th, for New York. r,1-

SCIENCE NOTES & NEWS. I A NUT WRINKLE. The ordinary brass round nut which us used for 'linking connections on batteries, coils, •.••.•'aimitators, and the like, the long-suffer- • motorist knows, easily become loose when sub j ecte d to violent vibration. In order to • v-ei-eeiue this objection an American inventor » i., hit upon the idea of making use of the oroliiarv resiliency of a loop of metal. A strip of brass is bent upon itself four times to Form a more or less .square nut. The the loop are held closely while they :?;• bring drilled and tapped. When released lb- ••ads'spring open slightly, thus throwing iii ■ "treaded apertures in the double fuds out w: i-j;iiiiieiii. and taking up the slack be- tween boh and nut. Hence the nut is con- ■:aut!\ in a state of tension and cannot be loiiN.'tHMi bv vibration, even if I to be midway on the thread oj i,iit boll and not against any shoulder. OLDEST OF SEEDS. ) The minuteness and perfect state ot pre- servation of some of the remains found ill the rucks of organisms which lived untold mil- lions of years ago is beautifully show n by the researches of Professor F. W. Oliver on an ruvhaie type of ssed discovered in the lower coal measures of Lancashire. These seeds are about one-fifth of an inch long, bet under the microscope their integument is seni to possess ten ribs, which protect i:ke iiolh'ii cells were discovered, and the-c have siictik)ned, and what appear io W i'os.sil .sperms, occurring in pairs, in each pollen ceil, ha\e been detected. The plants that bure I these seeds, hs-ve not yet been traced, but ■since the discovery was made in Paleozoic ri cks. their era may be 1 ,(M_>0 limes a.s remote | as the Mosaic date of Adam's birth. ¡ FAR PROTECTORS FOR GUNNERS. The cars of gunners are often seriolisly m- jnred by the detonation of great guns, tho I in i >; MIUH of the ear being frequently nip- jerrd. Marioiri has invented a simple ,1,(0 which prevents these injurious effects, v. illi- cit; diminishing the .sharunes* of hea ri tig. The protector consists of a .solid mas- of ght-s oi .Mich form as to fit accurately '.lie exieruHl ea-r. into which it is inserted. It versed lionzontall y by a. perforation. the inner end of which almost touches the tympanum. The outer end of this hori- ■/oNial passage does not quite reach the outer end of the mass of glass, but connects with a vertical passage, which eommuideates freelv with the atmosphere above and below. Tiie v iolent disturbance of the air caused by the artillery discharge produces an aspiration in the horizontal passage, and consequently a rarefaction of the small ma/ss of air con- fined between the Tympanum and the glass protector. In consequence of this rarefaction, Mivs the Srirnti fir. I/■< ,-iraH. the ioree ol the aerial i brat ion t nuisiiiitted to the tympanum is greatly j'educetl. SI'FED OF RIFLE BILLETS. j The speed of rifle bullets can be deter- mined. says Popular ,S cictt.ee Sifting?, by the improved method of Craritz with such preci- sion that the error is estimated not to exceed one foot per second. A series electric Miark.s at the rate of 5.000 per second lights up the bullet as it passes a horizontally pivoted rotating tlruin eovered with a photo- graphic film, and the distance apart of the images formed on the film show the bullet's \elocitv. the frequency of the spark and the rate of the drum's revolution being 'known. To make measurement, easier, a glass njj,. divided into millimeters is photographed with the bullet at each spark. The reuuetiulI uf speed by air friction is.shown front the lessened space apart of images of the bullet I on a second drum, and the lag of tlwilllage of the sccond drum gives the time of flight be- tween the two. Special arrangement ..is made lor j-ytiehronising (he drums and identifying 01) A pendulum contact- breaker closes the ■ilectnc circuit t hat, fin's the rifle, and citis oif the current except during i lit' minute fraction of a isecond in unicli tiie bullet is passing the drum. THE SECRET OF FLOWER PERFUME. I The rose would, no doubt, smell as sweet b\ any other name," but how does it contrive to •" smell sweet" at all? With this query in mind a French chemist set about to subject flowers to analysis in order to find out the secret. Being cut into sections and having pure hydrochloric acid poured over them, it is no wonder that the tender flowers gave up a portion of their secret. Yet they did noi it up entirely. The investigator was only able to ascertain that, the fine oil which gives the perfume is apparently derived in every case from chloro- phyll. and is usually located at the upper .sur- faces of the petals or sepals in delicate cellules. There seems to be some inverse re- lation between the amount of pigment or colouring matter ill the flower and the per- fume. Some of the more soberly-coloured flowers have the most delightful fragrance, while brilliant hues do not imply a corre- sponding sweetness of smell. The fact that tiie perfume oils are DERIVED KIJOM CHLOfiOPHYLL I is interesting, because, as will be remem- bered. chlorophyll is that substance in plants which, when acted upon by sunlight, turns a leaf into a sort of chemical laboratory. But it cannot act without the sunbeams. We know how much we owe to the sun as the source of all life and energy upon the earth, and yet it is a. little surprising to reflect that the big orb is directly instrumental in the production of the exquisite perfume with winch a flower salutes our nostrils. TAR-SARD. I i ertiaps tihe most famous of all deposits of asphalt is that in the pitch lake in Trinidad. It is calculated that it still contains some twenty million tons of this valuable com- modity. A careful exploration and survey of t he regions north of the Saskatchewan has been carried out, under the direction of the Minister of the Interior, by Messrs. Crean and Beale, whose report contains an account- of the Atbabascaii bituminous fields. The outcrop extends east and west for some thirty miles, with an average of 150ft. in thickness. The total of bituminous sands in sight is estimated at about cubic miles, of which (ii cubic miles may be taken as pure bitumen. Now 621 cubic miles of bitumen may be ex- pressed otherwise. It represents at least THIRTY THOUSAND MILLION TONS, I 80 that the pitch lake of Trinidad and the tar sands anywhere else on the surface of the globe are quite thrown into the shade. The Geological Survey gives as the analysis of the Ca,nadian tar sai-id bitumen 12t per cent., siliceous sands about 811 per cent., and the rest is water. The sand consists of grains of pure vitreous quartz. Give the tar sand enough air and it burns freely. So here is all that is required for the making of the finest white glass. Refining processes are hardly necessary, and it is said that without treat- ment of any kind it may be used all an asphalt mastic for paving, roofing, electric insulation, &c. It is extremely unlikely, re- marks a writer in the Westminster Gazette, that the arts of the synthetic chemist will ever produce an article to be equal in com- mercial value to the NATURAL COMBINATION I jf bitumen and fine is-and. The best asphalt in Europe is probably that derived from Seyssel, ia France. But this is not bituminous silica, but bituminous limestone. It ie suggested that from the Caaadian tar sands it will be possible to misnufacture enough, oil to supply railways running into districts where the pro* bLems of coal supply begin to be serious. It ias been known for many years part that then* we parts of this district in which enonnou* v'•••■ obta inahle. 0

HINTS FOR THE HOME. TO DEVELOP CHILDREN'S POWERS. Instead of buying them so many ready-made toys, buy them simple tools and scraps of "raw material" out of which they can make things- and don't grumble at the "litter" so caused. It is distinctly useful litter" from a child-train- ing point of iew, and can, of course, be kept within reasonable bounds. The modern habit of running our to buy every- thing "ready-made" is calculated to hiifle all the inventive powers of the young folks. To make things is a natural instinct, and satisfies itself as often as not nowadays by taking ready- made toys to pieces in order to pur. j hem t ogether again. To build something original up out of odds and ends of material is clearly a much mote useful exercise, besides proving vastly interest- ing: and engrossing to the children themselves. HOW TO TAKE MEDICINE. Medicine should be taken aT the exac; time and in the exact'quantity prescribed. The bottle should be well shaken; people have been known to lie poisoned by the accumulated drug left to the last dose. Bad-ta»ting medicine should be taken in a spoon pushed as far as possible into the mouth. To rcmove the after-taste, chew a bit of bread and cast it out again. Before and after taking cod-liver or other oil, drink a good draught of water; the taste is then scarcely per- cept i hie. Powders- are best taken in wafer papers: a box, holding a great many, costs six-, pence. The largest pills arc readily swallowed bv bending the head forward. Throwing The head back merely helps to close the guild, Finally, don't take any medicine wit hunt ad- vice from a qualified person. Self dosingr'* with innocent-looking tabloids from the chemist s is much more dangerous than the public sus- pects. A SIGN OF .INDIGESTION. Coldness of feet and limbs is almost invariably an evidence of indigestion. The coldness may be due. not to the weakness of the heart or feeblenes* of circulation, as is generally sup- posed. bur to the contraction of the Hiial) arte- ries preventing blooil from entering the parts. There is generally an irritation of the abdominal sympathetic nerve centres which control the cir- o the lower extremitic", This ditliculty, according to Ilcilth, is not to be removed by exercise, or by any special application to the limbs, bur by removal of ihc raibc, of irritation. LIGHT T;I'1-fE SICE ROOM. There is nothing so had as a dark sick-room. The reason usually offered is that the patient cannot bear rhe light; as though the light could not he cut off from the patient by a curtain or sr-reen. and as though to darken one part of the room it were necessary to darken the whole of it. In addition to other objections a great remedy is lost that is. sunlight. Sunlight dif- fused through a room warms and clarifies the air. It has a direct influence un the minute organic poisoie. a dist inct ive influence which is most, precious, arid it }1as a cheerful effect upon the mind. THINGS WOHTH KNOWING- Scour milk-cuiih with salt. Grained wood should be washed with cold tea. Honey should be kept in the dark, or it will granulate. Mortar and JJU;!ll mav be removed from wmdow-giass with hot. sharp vinegar. Blacking for boots and shoes mixed with stale beer gives an f^tra brilliancy to the polish. If feather pihovvs have an unpleasant odour, give them a Thorough drying before a clear fire. The ravelled threads from old linen will be found most satisfactory for darning tablecloths or napkins. •Remove lfower jh,- stains from window-sills bv rubbing with fine wood ashes, and rinse with clean water. Strong brine may be used to advantage in washing bedsteads. H<jt alum water is also good for this pui-pos^- A little vinegar in polish will be found to obviate the dead, oily look so often noticed after cleauing furniture. Unsig'htly ifnger-marks disappear from var- nished furniture when rubbed with sweet, oil, and from oiled WOOD if kerosene is rubbed on the spots. WELL.KEPT HANDS. Housework is usually blamed for the coarse appearance of many people's hands. But with a tittle c-are honsevvork need leave no ill-effects. Housework divides itself into dry work and wet work. For both sorts, housewives, fastidious about the look of their hands, should wear gloves—for dry work, loose chamois leather ones, for wet work the india-rubber gloves now speci- ally made for the purpose. Before putting on the gloves the hands should be stc-eped for a few minutes in very hot w ater to which a little fine oatmeal has beN1 added, Then a mixture of lemon-juice boiled w ith white of egg rubbed well into the skin helps towards a whitening effect. Eau-de-Cologne is similarly useful. The nails require special attention. The skin at the roots should be pressed back regularly with the towel after the hands have been steeped in hot water. Scissors or other steel implements should never be used for the purpose. To brighten the nails a touch of rouge applied with chamois leather has the desired ofFect. Whenever stropg soaps have been used for household purposes, the hands should at once be well washed with a good toilette soap. This practice alone saves the hands to a marked extent. NICE DISHES. LANCASHIRE HOT POT,-Take a sufficient num- her of chops from a neck or loin of mutton, trilIl theJll and lay them in a wide earthenware casserole with some sliced potatoes and finely- minced onions and two sheep's kidneys (sliced); season with pepper and salt, and place more •sliced potatoes between each layer of meat. Now add about three-quarters of a pint of really good srock, and finish by placing some whole potatoes on the top of the sicw. Cover the pot closely and carefully* and bake in a slow oven for three hours. If in about two hours the contents seem to be getting rather dry, add a little more stock. When done. the potatoes should be well cooked; in fact, almost dissolved in the gravy. BROWN* BREAD PADDING.—Remove the skin of half a pound of suet and shred finely. Grate five ounces of brown breadcrumbs, and add to them three tablespoonfuls of castor sugar, four ounces of currants, and four of raisins. Beat four eggs to a froth, and add them to the pudding mix- ture. with a pmch of salt and spices, and two ounces of minced candied peel. Turn into a buttered basin, tie a floured cloth over the top, and boil for two hours. Turn out, and serve with a wine sauce. APPLE SNOW. — Pare and core one dozen good-sized applos, steam them until tender, pass them through a sieve or force them through a patent potato-masher add the white of an egg, and beat with an egg-beater until white and light as a meringue; flavour with sugar and a little lemon-juice. Serve with sponge-cake. CREAMED OTSTEP.S.—To one-half tablespoonful of melted butter, put in a, saucepan, add one heaped tablespoonful of flour; cook a few minutes; stir in gradually one cup of milk; sea- son with salt, pepper, and one-half teaspoonful so,' -?vith sa l t, 1'a8 l One half -pint of oyaers of celery salt. y ash one half pint of oysters; boil them in their own liquor until plump; then drain and pour over them the sauce. RAISIN CAKE SQUARES. — Sift and dry half a pound of flour. Into this rub two ounces of drip- ping and a. little lard. Add three ounces of castor sugar and a teaspoonful of baking-powder with six ounces of stoned raisins. Beat two eggs with a very little milk and add to this the dry ingredients. Add a pinch of ginger and the same quantity of powdered cinnamon, and beat all to a light barter. Pour into a greased York- shire pudding tin, and bake in a sharp oven- Turn out on to a sieve and cool a little. ?t with a hot kmfe into squares and serve wMe warm on an uncovered dish. CHEESE PODDING.—iMake a batter with one quart of milk and four well-beaten eggs. Graie half a pound of good American cheese, and add to it an equal bulk of breadcrumbs; then add both cheese and bread to the batter. Season with salt and pepper, and bake in a pudding-dish till solid and nicely browned. LAMB'S HEAD WITH BRAIN SAUCII. Boil < lamb's head until the meat leaves the bonwi, brains to beboiled in a piece of mudin. When sufficiently tender skin the tongue, and cut it with meat into small pieces. Sauce: One ounce of butter, three-quarters of an ounce of floor, -one gill of milk. Melt the butter in a saucepan, stir in the flour smoothly, then add milk gradually, stirring all the time; add the brains eligbttjr minced, with pepper and salt to taste. Arraaga the meat on a dish, pour over sauee, and tarts hot

I Ton-Pentre I Police Court. Aiotulay.—Before i.he Stipendiary (.Mr. D.L?uiei-Tho!nas).Mr. T. P. Jenkins, Alderman E. 11. D;)vie?, Alderman Rd. Lewis, Messrs. J). W. Da?ics, Kimch Davies, HI id \V. T. Jones. ASSAULTS UPON POLICE. I John Anderson, oi Tyiieuyuii. was charged with being drunk and disorderly j and assaulting the police. P.C. Evan Davies said that on Satur- I clay night he saw prisoner in YVyndhamj Street. Tynewydd. He was very drunk, and when asked to go home lie refused. W it'iess took him for -about IOn yards, when defendant turned round and aimed a kick at him. Witness was also struck oil the body. Willi the assistance ot a policeman he was taken to the police station, Defendant >aid he remembered nothing about the offence. Fines of 10s. or ropect of the first charge, and 30s. or thv«v weeks in respect to ibe second, were im- posed, Thomas Howells. ;1 Pontypridd labourer, was also charged with being drunk and assaulting the police. Evidence was given by P.C. Butcher that prisoner, who was very drunk, struck him ou the iiec-k, kicked him, and also bit his finger. P.C. Edwards, who came to Butcher's assistance, was also assaulted. Prisoner, who bore a highly-discoloured eye. when a.sked t said You can pass your opinion as to who was assaulted, him or iiie. I am ail over bruises."  li t Prisoner, who had a long list of pre- vious convictions against him, was sen- tenced to two months' imprisonment for assaulting the two officers, and seven -,) olcers .iiid ,eN-f?ii A HARD BED. I David Davies. Mardy. was charged with being drunk. P.C. Thomas Williams stated lhati? saw the defendant Jyinnontipu?ejnent in )\'tnte in a helpless state of drunken- In" H(' f:li!(''] to give any account 01 himself and was brought to the police s tat' ()I? e he was detained umil the I fol1o\lillg Il)orlling A fine ot 10s. was imposed. (OrLD GO THIS TIME. David JMiIchel!, Tonypandy, was charged with being drunk and disorder?'. P.C Evans said he saw the defendant in Dun raven Street, Tonypandy. He was, very drunk, and was swearing at a posne of Devon constables who were passing. (,)i' I)ev-oii (,oi)stables -lio NA-ei-e pas,Jti-?,. would take into account the fact that defendant had not been brought up since 1908. It was no use him putting forward the plea that he had served his country, but he could go this time. I KNIFE IN HIS HAND. Erank Orchard. Treherberf, was also j charged with being drunk and creating a disturbance. P.C. Banfield said he was called to defendant's residence, where he found defendant with a knife in his hand, threatening to kill someone in the house. A fine of 10s. was imposed. AN OLD OFFENDER. In the rJemaiuled case of Chas. "Woottou, Ystrad. who was charged with indecently exposing himself, the Stipcndiary said t hat in view of the evidence whidl Dr. Thomas had given the case had been twice remanded to communicate with the Home Office. He was informed that prisoner had had numerous terms of imprison- ment. all of about three- months' duration, and during :dl these terms no prison sur- geon had found anything of the descrip- don that Dr. Thomas had given as to his suffering from a weakness. A man like this was not safe to be about, and a sen- tence of thive months' hard labour in each ease, would be passed. I THE INCORRIGIBLE EMMA. I Emma Retallick is a noted Pontypridd character who has a record in police court history. Last Friday she was liberated from C'ardiff Gaol, and a few hours later slie was in trouble again. According to tine evidence of P.C. Downs, Pontypridd, she was found in a. tstate of drunkenness in the streets, and when spoken to she twisted her legs around the oiffcer.s hit his finger, and threatened to stick the officer with a hatpin. With the assist- ance of other men tihe was taken to the police station. The Stipendiary questioned prisoner as to whether the Retallicks were Mont- gomeryshire people. Prisoner: No, sir; Cornish. Where are you a native of ?—Swansea, w -h(,i-t-. are voti ;a iiat l ve oi' ? S i?-aiisea, Mr. T. P. Jenkins But you have spent the greater portion of the last 23 years at Pontypridd and Treforest, haven't you? Magistrates' Clerk And at Cardiff, sir (laughter). Emma was fined 10s., or seven days, for drunkenness; a month's imprisonment for the assault upon the polidej and was ordered to find sureties for £ 10 for her good behaviour, or in default three months. Emma By heavens! I sliall be worse again when I come out. so help me God. She was hustled out, protesting against a police oiffcer who placed his hand on her shoulder. t THEFT OF OLD IRON. I Benj. Lowden and Eli Geo. Lowden. brothers, and marine store dealers, of Pontypridd, were charged with stealing a quantity of iron, value £ 2, the property of the Naval Colliery Company. Mr. W. Kensliole. AJjierdane, appeared for the prosecution. P.C. David James said that at 10.30 a.m. on Friday morning he saw the pri- soners in charge of a horse and cart in Eleanor Street, Tonypandy. He searched the, cart, and underneath some rags and sacks he found a quantity of cast-iron broken up. Witness asked them where they obtained the iron, and they replied that they found it in the river. Hie arrested them, and jointly charged them with stealing a quantity of iron, value £ 2, from the Adare Level yard. the property of the Naval Colliery Company, between the 1st March and 4th May. Both replied, "We did not steal it." Joseph Dorman, mechanic at the col- liery, gave evidence of identification. Some of the iron, he said, was from a colliery drum. There was also some cast-iron partings which lie identifier. Griffith Thomas, under-manager, said the iron stolen was the property of the Naval Colliery, and was of the value of R2. Altogether, EIOO worth had been missed. Defendants gave a complete denial to A long list of previous convictions was proved against Eli of similar offences, and he was sentenced to two iiioiitlis" imprison- ment. The Stipendiary said that in regard to Benjamin that he must have known the character of the man he was going with. This was the first time for him- to be brought up on a charge of this kind. He would be fined ,jf1;,

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Ponth Police Court. Thursday.—Before the Stipendiary (Mr, n. Lleufer Thomas). Messrs. T. P. Jen- kins. David Thomas, and Dr. E. N. Davies. I UNLICENSED BRAKES. TlJOs, Richards, brake-driver. Llwvnv- pia. was ordered to pay the costs for keeping two unlicensed brakes. Evan Thomas, Trealaw. was also ordered to pay the costs for a similar offence. DRUNKS. David Moses. Porth. 10s. Walter Dunston. Porch. 10s. Howell Jones. Porth. 10s. John Owen. Mardy. los. Blythin Jones. Mardy. los. John Dvans, Tonyretail. 15s. William Prosper. Tonyrefail, IDS. David Howells. Mardy, 20s. >

Mid-Rhondda FPQG Church Counclt. The Rev. 3. T. Hodscm, M.A. (viee- chairman), presided over a special meet- ing of the above Council at New Betkania Vestry on Friday evening last. The fol- lowing resolution was Imssed That this meeting of the Mid-Rhondda Free Church Couiiell heartily approves or the exclusion of Wales from the operation of Part 2 of Schedule 2 of the Shops Bill. ()f T I ie SI-L P,, B111. with the exception of the sale of milk and cream before 10 3,]1).. and urges the restriction of the exemption of Part 1 (Schedule 2) to boua-fidt? refreshment houses; and the restriction of the sale of newspapers at. least to the delivery to customers before Iff a.m. without 'the opening of shops. That a deputation from the Council wait upon the members of Parliament who may visit the district in the near future to ask them to put forth the claims of Wales and to use their influence with the Home Secretary so as to have a clause inserted which will safe- guard the sanctity of the Sabbath and the fuller restriction of Sunday trading." The following resolution was also car- i-led' Tbat this meeting of the Mid- Rhondda Free Church Council welcomes the Premier's announcement ■jfciat it is the intention of the Government, on the assumption that the Parliament Bill is carried into law this year, to give to the elsh hment Bill such a position, next Session, as would enable it to override the Veto of the Lords during the present Parliani-ell t- as confirming the Government's previous pledgee that, once the Veto is disposed of, the Welsh Bill shall have first place, and pledges itself to support the Government to that end." It was decided to defer the discussion upon the question of Coronation services until the next meeting. The Vice-chairman and Secretary were instructed to wait upon the oft:v.r in. command of the military at the Gla- morgan Offices to call his attention to the conduct of the soldiers in playing and- ball upon the Sabbath.

llFLLlMAN'Sj Brnbrocation I (I dj^^OYAL for AN ( \y^ See the EUmanE-F.h. Booklet ^4. H f UNIVERSAL for HUMAN USE B Seethe Elhaan E E P. Booklet n found enclosed with bottles of EIIJUmals |I|f rfftrc J The Name io lettiman n V. P r'' r: