The Cambrian News and Merionethshire Standard

elsh Agricultural Council THE PLOUGHING OF GHASS LANDS. A meeting of the ,;1 National Agricul- tural Council was held hrewsbury on Satur- day, Professor Bryner Jones, Aberystwyth, Commissioner for Wales, presiding. The Chairman said a letter had been re- ceived asking for the setting up of a Wages Board for Wales under the Corn Bill. He had -seen the President of the Board of Agriculture, who was in favour of one national wages board rather than dividing the country into two. The scheme for setting up District Wages Com- mittees had not yet been formulated, and he was authorised by Mr. Prothero to say that before the scheme was put into operation, and -especially in regard to the setting up of Dis- trict Wages Committees in Wales, the Presi- -dent would consult the Council. A resolution expressing the desirability of Wales having a representative on the National Wa¡,;es Board was carried. Mr. Lloyd Jones (Denbighshire) made a pto test against the commandeering of farmers' 0 horses that were not for sale, and it was agreed that the Board of Agriculture be asked to send specific information to county agricultural executive committees as to the position of farmers and the commandeering of horses. Referring to the arrangements made by tho Government, for the purchase of the 1917 wool tlip, Mr Wm. Owen (Anglesey) called atten- tion to a grievance of the small manufacturer in Wales. Up to this year they had been allowed to buy their wool direct from the farmers, but now all manufacturers who did not buy over 50,000 pounds of wool in 1916 are barred out from dealing direct with the 'farmers and had to purchase from the big rbuyers. He thought it was the duty of the Council to support the small manufacturer. In Anglefõey the whole of the wool had been ibought by the big English lirms and the little Welsh .factories were shut out,. .Mr. Robert Evans (Merionethshire) sai, I there were a great many of those small flannel and yarn factories in Wales, and every one of them was being tuined by that order. Mr. Owen moved that "in the opinion of this Council the small local manufacturer should have the same facilities for the buying of wool direct from the farmer as they had in 1916," but the proposition was withdrawn for one authorising the Council to investigate the whole matter. The Council discussed matters arising in con- nection with the food production programme for 1918. The Chairman said the Welsh coun- ties had been asked to furnish 680,000 acres of -corn .for 1918, and a quota had been allocated to each county. Mr. Edwards said that what was needed was a flat order to go from all the Executive Com- mittees of Wales to the farmers saying exactly what was required. The difficulty was that, Mr. Prothero in his speeches seemed to be "trimming" on the subject, and the farmers who did not want to do anything took advan- tage of it. He was positive that Wales would not succeed in getting the area required unless the committees were backed up by the Board to serve orders on all farmers to do what was required of them. It was agreed that, in order to attain the object in view as regards the ploughing of grass lands, county executive committees be recommended, after inspection, to issue orders as to the acreage to be ploughed in the casi: of each particular farm.

BLAENAU FESTINiOG. The death occurred on Saturday, July Zdih, of ex-P.C. William Metcalfe, at his daughter's residence in Manod-road, at the age ot eighty- seven years. He was pensioned from the Meii- oneth Constabulary twenty-live years ago, after serving as a constable chiefly at Penriiyii, Llwyu- gwril, and Maentwrog. The funeral took place at Llwyngwril on Tuesday, the body being con- veyed from Blaenau by motor. The police were represented at the funeral by P.S. J. M. Jones and P.C. J. Morgan, Blaenau Festiniog.

PORTMADOC. OBITUARY.—Mrs. Mary Hughes, 8, Madoc- stroei, who passed away at the age of eighty- iive years, had lived all her life in Smith-street up to six months ago when she made her home with her daughter. Deceased was a zealous Church member and one of the founders of St. John's Sunday School. She had committed to memory a great portion of the Scriptures and all the collects in the Common Prayer. She was also actively associated with the Mothers' Union and was the senior member. She is sur- vived by four children:—Mrs. Owen Hughes, Blaenau Festiniog; Mr. Evan Richard Hughes, Freemantle, Australia; Mrs. Jane E. Evans, Tonypandy; and Mrs. Mary C. Evans, Port- madoc. Interment was made on Thursday at Ynyscynhaiarn Parish Churchyard, the Revs. D. Jenkins, vicar; T. Rees, curate; and Hugh Williams, vicar of Ynyscynhaiarn, officiating. -The chief mourners were Messrs Hugh Evans, Tonypandy, Ellis Evans, Portmadof, sons-in- law; Owen Hughes, Blaenau Festiniog, son: John Evans, draper; Captain William Jones, Australia Hotel; Captain Owen, Portmadoc; Rees Owen, Conservative Club; Griffith Jones, Portmadoc; William Thomas Griffith, Higli- street; Hughie Evans, grandson; Miss Mary Grace Evans, grand-daughter; Mrs. Evans, grand-daughter; and Johnny Goodman (great- grandson). TWENTY-FIFTH ANNIVERSARY.—Refer- ences to the twenty-fifth anniversary of the Rev W. J. Nicholson as pastor of the church were made on Sunday evening at Salem (C.) Chapel by Mr. J. R. Owen, J.P.. Mr Griffith Griffiths, Captain Joseph Roberts, and Mr. T. Jones Morris, and a resolution was unanimously adopted by the members recording hearty appre- ciation of the successful labours of Mr Nicholson during his quarter of a century's pastorate. The members also warmly thanked Mrs. Nicholson for her services as church organist. Mr. J. Hugh Edwards, M.P., in his Welsh letter to the "British Weekly" writes-" Hearty congratula- tions are due to the Rev. W. J. Nicholson on the completion of the twenty-fifth year of his pastorate of the Welsh Congregational Church at Portmadoc. After the manner of tlip late Dr Ilerber Evans. Mr Nicholson established for himself, while yet a student at Brecon Theo- logical College, national repute as one of the most popular preachers in Wales: in his > case, as in that of the famous divine at Carnar- von, succeeding years have served only to con- solidate the triumphs of his youth. No higher tribute could be paid to Mr. Nicholson's min- istry than to say that, though he is the son of one of the most brilliant preachers that the Welsh pulpit has ever known, lie has added fresh lustre to the patronymic fame and en- riched the traditions of the pulpit oratory of Wales." PROMOTION.—Lieut. George McLean, son of Mrs. McLean, Gwynle, who has been in France for two years, has been promoted cap- tain. „ TORPEDOED.—The ship of Capt. Roberts, Maelgwyn House, Bortliygest, has been sunk ¡' bv an enemv submarine. All the crew were safely landed. MEMORIAL PASTOR.—The Rev. J. Mostyn. the newly-appointed pastor of Memorial Welsh Congregational Church, took up his duties on Sunday. INTERCESSION.—Intercessory services on the third anniversary of the war were held at the local churches and chapels on Sundays and a united Free Church prayer meeting was held on Monday evening at Garth C.M. Church, the Rev. W. O. Evans, conducting. Some of the churches held special prayet meet- ings on Sundav morning and evening. CYFARFOD YSGOL.-At the C.M. District Sunday School Union at Cwmystradllvn, Mr. Jonathan Davies, J.P., the chairman, stated that the number of scholars in the district was 1606 and the average attendance 948, which was a slight decrease on last year's record. The schools at Bethel and Prenteg showed an in- crease. It was agreed to ask Mr. F. Bucking- ham, Tremadoc, to give an address on the centenary of the Cyfarfod Ysgol which occurs in November, 1917, the first meeting in Lleyn :mll Eifionvdd having been held in November 1817, and also to invite the oldest scholars to give reminiscences of the early period of the movement. The children were catechised in the morning by the Rev. G. Parrv, Borthy- gest, on St. John, ix. chap.; and the adults in the evening on St. John, x. chap. ECCLESIASTICAL.—The Rev. John Wil- liams, curate, left last week to take up a curacy in London. j

Important Move. GOVERNMENT AID PROMISED, HOUSING REFORM IN WALES. -Sii-As a result of efforts of the Welsh Housing and Development Association, in co- operation with the National Housing and Town- Planning Council and other bodies, the Pre- sident of the Local Government Board has issued to local authorities a circular announc- ing that the Government purposes to offer substantial financial assistance to local autho- rities who are prepared without delay at the conclusion of the war to carry out approved housing schemes. Applications for such assist- ance however, must be sent with full par- ellars to the Board not later than October 15th. It i highly important that Mr. Hayes Fisher's request should be observed by local authorities throughout Wales and Monmouthshire, where the housing shortage is known to be serious. The promised assistance will in all probability be limited in amount and will be available only for a short period after the war. Local authorities, therefore, who neglect to deal with the matter or who deal with it in an inadequate manner are likely to havfe nsuffict. ent assistance when the time for building arrives. It will be better to overestimate rather than underestimate the requirements, and provision should be made for dealing not only with the existing shortage but also with the shortage that must arise consequent on the failure of ordinary speculative agencies during the, difficult period following the war. The Association desires strongly to empha- sise the import ance of the matter and to urge local authorities to respond fully to the lead given by the Local Government Board. In all probability State assistance will als) be available for co-operative and other agencies organised on a philanthropic or semi- philanthropic basis, and it is imperative that such bodies also should prepare their schemes without delay. The Welsh Housing and Development Associa- tion, which is purely a propagandist and advis- ory body, is prepared to assist local authorities and others contemplating town-planning and housing schemes and will send a competent re- presentative to confer with such bodies or persons.—Yours, etc., Edgar L. Chappell, Secretary. 38, Charles-street, Cardiff.

MACHYNLLETH. The death occurred very suddenly on Friday of Miss Lizzie Humphreys, only daughter of Mr. and Mrs. David Humphreys, Gartu-road (formerly of Forge). Deceased was sixteen years of age and was about, as usual on Wednesday, but did not feel well on Thursday. She was of an amiable disposition and her sudden death has caused much regret. Much sympathy is felt with Mr. and Mrs. Humphreys and the two brothers who are in the army. i.,e funeral took place at the Nonconformist. Cemetery on Tuesday and was largely attended. The Revs. D. Cunllo Davies and J. Madryn Jcnes oftcJa- ted. The Military Hospital will, it is understood, he opened on the 23rd August. The Hon. Mrs. Arthur Sandbach, president, has promised to perform the opening ceremony. A hospital col- lection was recently made in the town by mem- bers of the V.A.D. 22 when the following totals were made:—Mrs. PorMock, '.H lis. oct; Lady I Superintendent (Miss Jones) and Miss Maglona Rees, £ 12 lis. Id.; Miss Powell Price, £ 6 4s. 2d; Misses Rundle and E. L. Jones, £ 4 12s. 6d.; Misses K. Breese and M. Edwards, £ 3 lis. 9d.; Misses Breese and A. Davies, E3 2s. 6d.; Misses N. Powell Price and H. Jones-Evans. E4 10s 6d; Miss Pugh and Mrs Rowboiham, C2 17s. 6d.; Misses V. Allix and G. Ruck, E2 17s. 4d.; and the Misses Dovev Davies and M. Ruck, C2 Is. lid. The total was over £57. The death occurred on Monday of Mr. Lloyd Wynn Roberts, the well known royal harpist, at the age of seventy-two. During the late King Edward and Queen Alexandra's visit. to Plas Machynlleth he played the harp before them; and later, during the visit of King George and Queen Mary in 1911 to the Plas, he was commanded to play before them. His fine performances of Welsh airs were very much appreciated. In addition to his musical abilities he was a splendid all-round sportsman and was known by all fishermen visiting the locality. He leaves a widow and a large family of sons and daughters with whom sym- pathv is felt. One son was killed in the Gaza battle. Mr. John Idris Hughes, son of the Rev. D. H. Hughes (B.), has left to join the colours. Mr. J. Rhys Lewis, youngest son of Mr. Rhys Lewis, Tudor House, leaves this week to join the Wireless Telegraphy Company in London. He was a popular pupil of the County School, where lie will be much missed by his many friends. MUSICAL SUCCESS.—At an examination held at Aberystwyth in July in connection with the Associated Board of the R.A.M. and, R.C.M., Miss Kitty Lloyd (pupil of Miss Beatrice Davies) passed an examination in pianoforte playing, thus making a total of 117 successes gained by the pupils of Miss Davies.

LAMPETER. Lampeter Rural Tribunal met on Wednesday week, Mr. Llew Davies, Talsarn, presiding. The case of Samuel Davies, cowman, Bwlch- bychan, Llanwenog, was leferred to the Borough Committee, an 1 the case of John Davies, Tymawr, Talsarn, farm labourer, was left for a decision to be arrived at between the military and the Agricultural Committee. —David Jones, Glanantcoy, Cellan, farm labourer, and Evan Thomas, Cwmawr, produced discharged certificates.—Thomas Hughes, Pant- coy, conditional.—Thomas Jones, Esgerlas, Cellan, conditional.—Thomas Evans, Bryn- dolau, Llanwenog, conditional.—John Jenkins, Tancoed, Llanwenog, was stated to have been in the army over a year, as was David Morgan Davies, Glynhelig, Gorsgodl.-J oshua Harris, Tanrliaid, Cwrtnewydd, conditional.—Thomas Evans, Denmark, Llangybi, was in the army, and conditional was granted to Daniel Davies, Tanyfron, Drefacii.-Tlle casei; of Wm. Jones Penpompren, Llanwnen; William J. Lloyd, Cwmeinion, Maesycrugia'i; and John Lloyd! Waenwen, Llanfair were referred to the Agricul- tural Committee.—Evan Stephen Jones LlalF wenog, produced a certificate of discharge, and Watkin Jones, LIanybyther, was exempted until November 1st. The case of Simon Jones, Maesyfehn Mills, was adjo irned, and tem- porary exemption until October 1st was granted to Rees Jones, Glandwr, Drefach. Sunday was observed as a day of inter- cession and special services were held at the various churches. The Rev. Dr. John Williams, Brynsciencyn, preached at Siloh Chapel on Tuesday evening. Anniversary services were held at Sifol; Chapel on Sunday when the Revs. John Thickens, Willesden Green, and J. Llewelyn j Davies, the new pastor, preached to largc- congregations. ° The prices at the Mart on Tuesday were- Fat cattle, E18 to £ 39; cows and calves. S22 to £ 37; fat calves, £4 to E8: pigs £4 to £ 14; lambs 22s. to 52s.: ewes 30s. to 70s. ) A big list of casualties at the front has been received in this district during the present week. Pte. W. J. Davies, Welsh Guards, of Aberdauddwr Farm, near Lampeter, has been killed. He was formerly a policeman at Burry Port. Among- those wound.-•d Siiro-pon- Captain Evan Evans, M.C., brt it is understood that liis wounds are not serious; Lieut. J. T. James, Compton House, who was caught by a German bomb when leading a raiding party; Lieut. D. Jones, Coedmorfach; Corpl. Tom Lewis, Bwlchffin, Cwmanne, who had been I previously wounded at Loos; Corpl. Tom Mor- gan Davies, Wesley House, Barley Mow: and Pte. Wentworth Megicks, The Laurels, Bridge- street. Sapper Alfred Davies. College-street, has been gassed.

BORTH. News has been received that the ship on wheh Captain Edward Jones, Glanmor, was master, was torpedoed on Satur- day. All the crew, including Capt. Jones's son (Mr. Dd. Kenneth Jones) were safely landed and Captain Jones has now arrived home. The ship sank in three minutes. Saturday was observed as a Nelson Flag Day when JC12 was collected. The fla" sellers were Misses Rosa Herbert, Rhodwen Llewelyn, E. Barber, Doris Herbert, Norene Williams, Nellie Meddins, Miss Bull, and Mrs. D. Barber. Private John Williams, son of Mrs. John Williams, Ty Du, and Private Evan Lewis, Goleufrvn. were home on leave during the week-end.

Talybont Sessions. INSURANCE CASE. Petty Sessions for the Talybont division were held on Tuesday before John James and Rd. Thomas, Esqrs. John Richard Jones, farmer, Brwyno, Glandyti, was charged by Mr. David Davies, national insurance inspector, with having deducted from the wages of an employee (Wm. Tudor) in excess of the sum which represented the amount of contributions for the period in respect of which the wages were paid.—Mr. Haydn Jones, Cardiff, appeared for the prosecution and defendant defended in person.—Wm. Tudor, Penmaenisa, Machynlleth, said he was in defendant's employ as a waggoner from May 1916 and left itn May 1917. Defendant gave him a piece of paper a>i«$a cheque and he took the paper home to his parents.—In reply to defendant, witness said he received his wages in full for the first year and defendant told him he was deducting the insurance money for the first year out of •i 'K_ inn r\„r i — x + 4.1 wages paid In iuay .L;1.L I. LI!eUUi:1U" "'öCH'W, with his (witness's) father in May 1916.—John Tudor, Cwmere Cottage, Glandyfi, said he hired his son to defendant in May 1915 at E25 for the year and in 1916 defendant paid tho wages in full at witness's house, remarking that he was paying Billy in full because he had been a good boy. Again hired him to defendant for 1916-1917 at £ 25 and received ;cio on c account of wages in February 1917. Before May 1917 he hired the boy elsewhere. On the boy bringing the slip of paper and the cheque from defendant he wrote defendant a letter. He saw defendant shortly afterward who said he could not understand the letter. In the letter he told defendant that there was 17s. 4d. due to Billy and defendant replied, "I will make you prove it."—In reply to defendant, witness said the wages for the first year were E25 and not £ 21 and that he told defendant that this, year had nothing to do with 1916. Defendant replied that he did not owe a half- penny.—Defendant was fined 10s. and ordered to pay costs of witnesses. Hugh Stanley Jones, the Bakery, Borth, was charged with having on June 12th exposed for sale loaves of bread before the expiration of twelve hours after baking as well as witn having exposed for sale loaves which were not of an even number of weights-Defendant s father appeared, admitted the charges, and pleaded pressure of work, and the Bench dis- missed the charges on payment, of costs.

Notes From Aberayron. (V.) Not for thirty years was there a Dydd Mercher Mawr" like that of Wednesday August 8th. Carriages of all kinds brought the men and women, boys and girls, of a very wide district into the town. The trains were overcrowded, as many as twenty in one com- partment. It reminded the inhabitants of pre- historic days, before the people had learnt how to go further afield. The rain poured upon the holiday-makers from morn till night, without a minutes respite. The only shelter, which i about being removed, was a boon. The horticultural show in the Alban-square field was sorely handi- capped. Everything and everybody were (irenclied. We are at the height of the season. The same type of men and women are here, in undiminished numbers, just for this week only. Boys from the works" parade the streets with the same sticks in their hands and the same snatches of song on their hps. They are not indifferent to the sacrifice their fellows are making, they cannot be. They are at home, and the others are at the front, that is all There was a circus in town a week or two ago and the train, to its goods compart- ment, was crammed with young people on their way to the circus. No circus in modern times was more lavishly patronized. The strain on our nerves demands relaxation. It is not callousness or indifference, it may be anxiety or sorrow that is at the root of it. The trunk road from north to south lies through the town of Aberayron. Roads run into that main line every step of the way from Rock-terrace to Newfoundland. Motor cars passing through at a rapid pace all day long may at any moment run into a carriage or cart or motor car, coming in from the cross roads, and smash it or smash itself or both, and the passengers. But that has not happened, not because any precautions are taken, but be- cause simply the thing has not happened. A boy was knocked down the other day, but it does not appear that the motor car was going at too rapid a rate. Alun Leonard fell down from the Look Out" on Tuesday night on to the shingle below—a dizzy height, and has sur- vived. How curiously varied are the dangers and the escapes. Captain Evan Evans, M.B., R.A.M.C., of Aberayron and Lampeter, was wounded by shrapnel in the thighs last week in France, Later news has brought cheer. His wounds j are flesh wounds and his condition is satisfac- tory. An Aberarth commander, on his way west not long ago, picked up two hundred soldiers. Their steamer had'been torpedoed. He had only food allowance for thirty men for a month, but he took his rescued soldiers across the ocean. At the other end the soldiers carried their rescuer shoulder high to barracks, sing- ing Welsh airs. There is nothing in fiction to beat a thing of this kind. And with all this, and much more, there is also plenty of room for the naggers, naggers at royalty, at beauro- cracy, at Lloyd George, and at the Govern- ment.' By the wav, there is one feature by which to differentiate the nagger from other people He is mainly a man without any people of his at the front and without any other risks.. While all the world is thus giddily fluttering anyhow, the Aberayron Urban Council is adhering to its strictly economical instincts. It will not spend S7 10s. on a visitors' shelter on the Quay. And this is reasonably explicable in more than one way. It is the duty of visitors who do not wish to run risks to carry an umbrella against sun and rain. The Aber- j ayron Steam Packet Company (in voluntary -liquidation) have been) eaping a bounteous harvest of gold from their properties in Pem- brokeshire. They got C640 for a quay they eave £ 470 for twenty years ago. But even at the pain of adding £ 7 10s. to the Company s assets that shelter would be a bargain. At Lland'i indod and Aberystwyth shelters are erected at considerable cost. The Abe, avron Urban Council might, without exasper- ating the ratepayers, purchase that sheltei How many an exhausted invalid lias lain there out of the heat of the sun? How many hundreds of people have sought its protection from unexpected showers and sudden blasts. Its destined use was to admit under cover dry Its destined use was to admit under cover dry goods discharged from the s.s. "Norseman on wet days. It was only on very rare occasions that it was put to that use. Its constant use was the convenience of the public and its re- moval will be a great inconvenience. Cythraul y canu" used to be the chief enemy, but at the present moment cythraul pysgotta" is the prince of this world, and of the powers of the air. How well do the fishermen love one iiiotlierl. One day last week all the headmasters of the Aberayron County School who ever were could be seen at Aberayron. "Asgre lan diogel ei pherchen. I would like to have made at least twelve of the thirty- nine applicants our headmaster. As we could only elect one, the most ruthless method of selection was the most merciful. It is a sane J proposition that no one should be on the short list, unless the manager who put him there was quite prepared to see him made headmaster. Men are put on the short list to oblige their relations and friends. It is supposed that this helps later on, but when it is known why they are being placed on a short list how can it help. I have taken part in electing professors, registrars, clerks of county councils, of the peace, and guardians, coroners, teachers by the score, medical officers, etc., but I do not re- member a time when a more judicial spirit pre- vailed, after the local element was eliminated, than when Mr. Howell T. Evans. M.A.. was elected headmaster of the Aberayron County School on August 1st, 1917. Try the "C.N." Stores for Stationery.

LlANDDEWIBREFI. Miss M. M. M. Davies, B.A., of Manchester University, recently a mistress at the High School. Clifton, and the Commercial Travel- lers Schools, Pinner, London, has been offered clerical work in France. The name of Bessie Davies is first on the list in the June exam- ination of the 3rd M.B. and B.C.L. at the University. She is now engaged in hospital work. Her brother, Lieut. J. L. T. Davies, B.A., is still in hospital, but is recovering.

TREGARON. Our agent at Tregaron is Miss A. E. Evans, Medical Hall, who requests that a regular order may be given for the "Cambrian News." The Government officials appointed to buy the wool clip in the district attended at the Talbot Hotel on Tuesday. The attendance of sellers was large and much business was done. The protest meetings convened by Mr. J. D. Edwards, Sunny Hill, had been successful in removing many causes for complaint and bene- fits accruing from the meetings were reaped on Tuesday. A special meeting of the District Education "Committee was held on Tuesday; present, Messrs. R. S. Rowland, The Garth; D. J. Wil- liams, Argoed Hall; and Mr. Dickens Lewis, county architect. The only business transacted was the opening of tenders for painting Lledrod Council School. Two tenders were received and that of Mr. John Edwards, Alexandra-road, Aberystwyth, at S22 15s. was accepted. Interesting lectures on fruit preserving under the auspices of the Government Food Control Board were delivered in the Co m*v School Hall on Thursday afternoon. Mrs Annie Griffith, and Mrs. Meyrick were the ^cturers. The and Mrs. Meyrick were the ^cturers. The cliair was taken hy Mrs. Dr. Livyd* L'ys Luion, in the unavoidable absence of Mis. Even?, Werna. Mrs. J. A. Jones, London House, had Werna. Mrs. J. A. Jones, London House, had convened the meeting. The attendance was good and the lectures and demon- strations were greatly appreciated. Mrs. Dr. Llovd proposed and Mrs D. Thomas, C.M., seconded a vote of thanks to the lecturers which was cordially agreed 10. Miss Morgan, Neuadd, has received a card from a friend of Pte. J. R. Williams, Neuadd, stating that he was wounded en t.he 31st. July and had been taken to 8. base hosoital. No further news has since been received and it. is hoped that the wound is not serious. Private Williams has been in France with he R.W.F. for many months. Pte. Jack Lewis, R.F.A., reported lest, week as wounded, has been brought over to a mili- tary hospital in England. He has already under- gone two operations, but is extremely cheerful. Mr. Daniel Lewis, his father, and Mr. Rees Morgan, Ivy Bush, went to the hospital this week to see him. Deep sorrow was expressed on Monday on receipt of the news of the sudden death of Mr. Goronwy Edwards, B.Sc.. late science master at the County School. Mr. Edwards was a native of Corris; and, after graduating at the University College of Wales, Aberystwyth, he was appointed science master at Tregaron. Being a thorough teacher, an enthusiastic athlete, and one who took interest, in all matters pertaining to the welfare of his pupils lie became a general favourite. When an uigent call was made for chemists to work in n uni tions factories he volunteered for service and was given an important post at munitions works. About 12 months ago an explosion occurred in the department under his charge and in his endeavours to minimise the damage he was seriously burnt. His clothing was burnt off and he had a miraculous escape. He was laid up for weeks at Llanelly Hospital, but gra- dually recovered though not able to resume work. A few months ago he visited Tregaron. For some weeks past Mr. Edwards had been obliged to reside at Burry Port so as to be examined weekly at Swansea Hospital and to report at the factory. Last week he caught a severe chill which developed into acute pneu- monia and death occurred on Saturday morn- ing. The remains passed through Tregaron on Monday afternoon, interment being made on Tuesday at Corris. Much sympathy is felt with the family in their bereavement.

GOGINAN. The Rev. S. J. Leeke, B.A., B.D., Cwm- aman, preached eloquent sermons in Jezreel (B.) Chapel on Sunday. The rev. gentleman is a native of Talybont. Judging by the number of motor-cars and cycles that have passed through Goginan dur- ing the week-end, there is not much scarcity of petrol. On Saturday afternoon between the hours of three and seven over 200 motorists- many of them "road hogs"—were counted. The rate at which some go through the village makes it dangerous for pedestrians to use the main road, and it is marvellous that accidents have not occurred. Miss M. J. Richards and Miss Saycell are making a house-to-house collection for the British Farmers Red Cross sale next month. As farmers will be getting the credit for the amount collected, has not the Parish Council erred in asking the two ladies to invite sub- scriptions from those who do not belong to the farming class?

Farmers and Tractors. CARDIGANSHIRE AGRICULTURAL EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE meeting of the Agricultural Executive Com- Huttee was held in Lampeter on Thursday- in Lampeter on Thursday- ssr'f-r vr'r "r- Evaui: PengeileJ I j David D J Will; « ans> Cnwcybarcut "T Arg" '"h" Owen,'co,r„„,s: sioner- John Jones, e4eCUtive officer: D. Lloyd. d- tary. J■ Morgan, secre- OrderCUSSTr tUOk ,pIaCf; 0IS tIle "Sales Of Horse, the intereslTf3 H g ^essar? safeguard [reserve a iiumber of jt0 cultivation 0f addition!"lam? A ?lt>r vthe *f licences ha4 alreadv bee*, issued DUI^bei" record of each one was kept a -Sr PSa°tUhe WaS h»d llre»dv completed ,1 were still half way only through the work, but we^or °oedSthat T°Uld be ^"P^ed in a valuable tnr9 )°n/ef0i f rep°m would most was fparprl ti p, though in many cases it was feared that tne pressure brought to bear was insufficient. fc Mr. Norton, Llandrindod, consulted with th*» Committee °n the question of tractor ploughing The three-furrow lianfeome plough seemed to be giving satisfaction: and" Mr. Norton w* urgS to expedite delivery of more ploughs. A large number of< applications for the loan of tractors and plougns had already been received from farmers especially in the south of the countv where they were now at work. For the district of Ffostrasol alone there is a demand for 300 acres to be ploughed. One of the tractors at present is working near Cardigan and the other at Llangranog. it is hoped to concentrate tJ J{ tractors and ploughs from the middle of Sep- tember onwards on land intended to grow wheat. Mr. E. J. Evans was appointed machinerv officer. In view of the importance of securing and distributing supplies of manures and other agri- cultural commodities in the coming year, it was decided to convene the principal tradesmen of the county to Lampeter on Wednesday, August 15th, to discuss ways and means. Ktecommendations of Labour Sub-Committee to issue certificates of occupation to various per- sons were confirmed, and a limited number of licences to sell horses, were granted formally LABOUR SUB-COMMITTEE. A meet'ng of the Labour Sub-Committee was held- at Lampeter on Wednesday, August 1st. Mr. E. J. Evans, Cnwcybarcut, in t.he chair.! There, were also present Messrs. David Evans. Pengelly; Ben Davies, Perthyronen; Jenkin Lloyd, Tregaron; Tom Jones, Trebared: J. Burrue Morgan, Glanfread; J. Jones. Cwmyn- aefi: D. Lloyd Lewis, labour officer: and the secretary, Mr. D. J. Morgan. Members discussed the question of labour in the county. Much dissatisfaction was felt owing to the poor type of worker released from Card-iff Depot for work, though a few proved, to be of real assistance. The Committee was informed that a new batch of skilled men was to ba sent to Carmarthen for use on farms where it is intended to plough additional land for the 1918 crop. The Committee dealt with a number of agricultural cases and issued certificates of occupation in accordance with the new instructions which state that when an agriculturist is called up he can apply to the Executive Committee for a certificate on the grounds that he is whole time engaged in agri- cultural work. It was recommended to grant licences under certain conditions to a number of persons intending to sell horses. A few were withheld, owing to uncertainty as to whether the ven- dors would have sufficient horse-labour to carry on the work for 1918. The Board of Agricul- ture intended buying a number of horses in the county and farmers would not be allowed to sell indiscriminately to any person who came along. Attention was drawn to the slackness with which the "Sales of F -,es Order" was administered in the county. s were mentioned of persons who, knowing "I I C- order, sold the horses without even asking fori a licence. The Committee was of opinion that farmers would have to make better use of all forms of labour to rneet the new demands for ploughing.

CAPEL BANGOR. The Horticultural Show announced for Wed- nesday, August 8th, was; not held, having been postponed until the end of the war. Lieut. Ifor Prys Morris, B.Sc.. came home from France last week on furlough. He has been doing night work in the trenches for the last twelve months. He left on Monday for Liverpool to attend the wedding of his brother, Mr. David Owen Morris, which took place on Wednesday. He will return to France on Saturday. There are many visitors here, most of them being natives. It is estimated that more motors and bicycles passed here during the week-end than ever before. Mr. David Alfred Evans left on Tuesday for London to join his ship.

LLANAFAN. On the return of Private David C. Evans. Wenallt, from the front after seeing two vears (If hard fighting in France, it was felt that a welcome to him should take public shape. A concert was decided on and held on Thursday. Mrs. Crawley Boevey took the chair, and the Rev. D. A. Thomas, vicar, was conductor. The school was tastefully decorated by Mr. Herring and the school staff. A miscellaneous pro- gramme of solos, glees, and recitations was got up by Mr. Jack Jones, Dolauafan, and Miss Parry- Miss Jones, Wenallt, willingly gave the use of her piano and acted as accompanist in conjunction with Miss Parry. All the items were creditably rendered. Miss Elita de Bittencourt, Crosswood, was loudly encored. John and party were much appreciated and encored. Others who took part were Miss E. A. Parry, Miss Bessie Hughes, Messrs. Jack Jones, Dan Morgan Evans, Dolfor. Aneurin Rowlands, and the Lkinafan Glee Party, under the leadership of Jack Jones. I Recitations were given by Messrs Buckley Jones and Joseph Davies. The Chairman in his opening address spoke of the N-alue of the great work being done by the army and navy and referred to t1,' noble spirit in which Private Evans joined the colours in the early days of the war. Short speeches were also made by Mr. Wilkinsor. Y Herring, Mr. J. Hughes. Mr. D. Morgan, and the Rev. D. A. Thomas expressing pleasure at being able to welcome Private Evans. Thanks were accorded the Chairman and all who teot part in the concert, with special mention of Mr Noyce and the woodmen working in the neigh- i bourhood who were to a great extent responsible for the form of the reception. A silver collec- tion was made and a substantial sum was handed over by the Chairman to Private D. Evans who suitably acknowledged the kind welcome lie received.

NEWCASTLE EMLYN. Mr. John Griffiths, youngest son of Mrs. Griffiths, Pengwernganol, has passed the Lon- don matriculation, after three j-ears training at Llandyssul County School. He passed the Welsh matriculation twelve months ago. He intends studying for the medical profession. Mr. Griffiths is an old pupil of Mr. Hughes. Parkylan Council School. Newcastle Emlyn has had more visitors from Llanelly and different parts of Glamorganshire Parkylan Council School. Newcastle Emlyn has had more visitors from Llanelly and different parts of Glamorganshire during bank holiday this year than has been the case for a long period; and, having regard to the unlimited number of motor cars and motor cycles which have been running through, the town for days, it is surprising how so much petrol has been secured. A large number of tip inhabitants visited Aberporth and Tresaith. In the evening a concert was given, held at Aber- porth, at which Mrs. Dr.Thomns (Gwladys Roberts) was one of the principal singers, and • a good sum was realized for the war fund. i The Rev. D. D. Walters, speaking at a Labour meeting at Henllan on Tuesday, referred to an unfair distinction between classes and II said that all descended from Adam, although snobs would have them believe there were two Adams in the Garden of Eden-one with a I spade tilling the garden and the other with a placard on his bosom, "I am the landlord of Eden; I am monarch of all I survey, my right there is none to dispute. The Scriptures said. "If anv would not work neither should he eat." That was the Scriptural respectable way of tell- ing such people to go and die out of the way. He did not agree with Mr. Lloyd George in a recent speech, that this war weighed up all 'equally and that all classes had to sacrifice. What about the thousands of labour homes

j The Fisherman's Calendar WHAT IS WRUNG WITH THE C'OAST ? (Specially Contributed.; The fisherman's occupation on the Weat Coast of Wales is, for the most part, an un- certain one. Fishermen appear generally to onfine their attention to one or two branches to the exclusion of the remainder. This is open U> objection though possessing certain ments 7 so sto™-v a coast as that of Cardigan Bav 'j™ -lhat, ''specialists" are Jlbie to vi n i ?g for a laree Pa" of each make tor n'r fi r hanr, r- Probably tends to make for proficiency. During stormv spells de^Mn V!i °ften rem"ln idle fo* con- -ideiabk periods, or else have to en^ate in casual johs ashore, such as painting, etc The stock in trade of a fisherman often rq re^mts a eon^deraWe sum aud frequentlv his whole capital is invested in boats and gear. The ls^ecialhnat reqUenlb" l°St °r dWd, and! especially at the present, such happenings i a serious matter. Some form of insurant' against such ridu i, esseBtUl if the ,n5horI' p'™pTm.v,re 1-5 reS'ored to W '<™»j Many causes have combined to brinw tdic- fisheries to their present decadent state? and nly one or two ot them can be touched upon hand^ the boa^s charge hands with great frequency, while crews pt0get[16r for aD-v length of time. A state of general stagnation *nnH ha.e set m which is very difficult to combat ihu is not necessarily the result of anv lack of fish on our coasts, but may be (and is +0 a considerable degree) largely owing t-o t.lie fishermen s own shortcomings, especially Their inability to keep pace with --lie times. In fact in many places on this coast, the fishino- tra' dition is almost lost. nsmng tra- flshing industry has alwavs suffered unduly because of the lack of cohesion ben.een its mEmbers. As. a class, fishermen are notoriously intolerant of restraint and are feiebned to murmur against laws which in their wider application at least, are framed to protect their own interests as well as those of the community. Undoubtedly, certain of these laws may press hardly" in individual cases. but that is inevitable. Fishermen's in- dependence and conservatism, too, prevent any form of combination among themselves: and the present deplorable condition of their callmg is in large measure to be attributed to this cause as well as their own poor financial position. For instance, how many fishermen realise that a steady and plentiful supplv creates a demand? Cases could be cited where organisation and foresight have brought pros- perity to their instigators, and, indirectly, the nsiiermen have shared in tliese improved con- ditions. At the present time the small and earnest number of workers engaged on fishery pro- blems has (especially locally) been greatly augmented by a number of influential and re- presentative persons whose desire it is to im- j prove the conditions of the local fisheries and J of their members. They wish to see fishing take its place once again as an important industry and to witness the revival of the subsidiary industries which depend on it. Their aims are public-spirited in the highest degree, and it would be well if the fishermen could be made to realise that fact. and, by their will- ing help and co-operation, assist them in their efforts. Local fishermen complain that fishing- arduous work at all times-has ceased to yield adequate monetary returns, and, because of that fact, many of the younger men have abandoned it permanently. It is believed, how- ever. that. by the adoption of approved methods (e.g., motor power, etc.). combination. and the more systematic exploitation of the marine products of our coasts, that, assertion would be wholly confuted. The agriculturist suits his crops, to the different seasons and their succession is too well known to need mention even were the matter relevant. That is, he is occupied in one way or another throughout the whole year. The state of things prevailing in our fisheries is. on the other hand. haphazard in the ex- treme. Yet why should there not be a fisher- j man's, as well as a farmer's, "calendar"- The sent article is an attempt to supply that it. It offers certain suggestions whereby uie "fishing succession" throughout the whole year might be made to contribute towards a more steady flow of money to our local fisher- men, and the manner in which muc their present enforced leisure might be occupied profitably. During the colder months of the year, say from January to April, trawling will occupy days on which the weather allows of fishing, varied, it may be, with lining for whiting from small boats. During the past few years it is perhaps worth noting that the whiting fishery has become a valuable one at several places in Cardigan Bay (notably Aberystwyth). Whelks and clams are frequently obtained in the trawl, but at present no use is made of them locally. Long lines might be set in suitable; places, while, during calm weather, a smat boat could exploit the cockles and mussels in the Dovey Estuary. The shells of these edible molluses would find a ready market. Peri- winkles too. abound on certain parts of the coast near Aberystwyth and are always in great demand. Periwinkles yield good prices. Towards the end of April the boats will need overhauling and refitting for the summer. From about May or June to the end of August mackerel shoals will occupy the fisher- man's whole attention. This fish should be caught in quantity by means of nets and not, merely with hand lines. Any surplus remain- i ing could be kippered or otherwise preserved for i winter consumption. Tt is not generally known uiat Britain exports large quantities of pre- served mackerel to America where thsy are held in great esteem. Garfish or longnose (Welsh: mor nodwydd) are frequently found in association with mackerel shoals, but there is a considerable degree of local prejudice against this fish. Why this should be the case is diffi- cult to understand, as it. is one of the test of the edible marine fishes and a demand for it could easily be created. Shoals of sprats come inshore in July and August; but no use is at present made of them on this coast. Yet the capture of sprats by means of the stow-net has. fairly recently, doubled and trebled the in- come of Lancashire fishermen. The stow-net is best adapted to fishing in estuarine waters, During this period, as, indeed, throughout the entire year, trawling may be carried on as the weather favours. Crabs and lobsters may be sought by means of "pots" set near the various rocks and reefs, and tended from a small boat. Crabs and lobsters are more abundant locally than is commonly supposed. and this branch of the fisheries would repay development. "Spider" crabs are usually re-j jected owing to prejudice. Yet, in ceitain places where the choicer edible crustacea are abundant and cheap (e.g.. the Channel Islands). they are held in great esteem for the table, and special laws have been framed for their protection. They are, however, probably rare in local waters. Bass and grey mullet abound in Cardigan Bay during the warmer months and ascend the larger rivers for some distance. Their more systematic capture should be I arranged for. Shrimps and prawns might be obtained in greater quantity than at present. A small shrimp trawl might possibly yield good II results on sandy stretches. From August to December the fisherman should be constantly on the look out for, herring shoals which begin to approach the shore to spawn (probably also to feed) about August. The shoals should be followed until they disperse and all surplus fish should be salted or otherwise preserved. In November (usually) whiting will begin to appear inshore, probably with codling, although the latter have not been plentiful during recent years. The above short article will perhaps serve to I point the way in which a vigorous and sys- tematic prosecution of the fisheries of Cardigan Bay might be made a "paying concern. Fish- ing is. and will always be arduous work. "Set, bv catching the various fish as they come in ( season, the work ought spread over a longer; period—that is, it might be made less inter- mittent—and thus become less laborious at any on? period than in present conditions. |

(continued from previous column). (continued from previous column). t which had two and three sons out fighting for I a shilling a day, when capitalists were at home I amassing fortunes? A resolution was passed unanimously calling on all workers in the dis- trict to attach themselves to some union, so that j when the labour world was re-organised after the war they could all co-operate to defend the- concessions and improvements secured and to demand a fair share of the profits prodywd by labour.

| Get the Kruscben habit—ward off rheumatism every morning and Jearn what it is like to feel good and fit all the time. Every morning! Of all Chemists 1/6 > per bottle. All British

On Castle HiD. IBEfilSIWYTK AND AT ith (By a Mere Englishman From the announcement which had been made of the meeting arranged by Aberystwyth Non- conformists for the anniversary of the war it was easy to assume that it would, be a gather- ing which would listen, to the old shibboleths, at which the hearers would pat one another on the back and go home to supper with a sense of duty well done. Such a presumption was excusable, for the meeting was announced as ¡, a meeting to celebrate the anniversary of the war," and those who have come nearest to the war by the loss of their loved ones might be pardoned for thinking that- the promoters, as Christians, would have been nearer the spirit of the age had they announced it as a meeting of intercession. Presumptions, however, are frequently wrong and any presumption, as suggested in the fore- going, were altogether contrary to the facts. Before eight o'clock. there were upwards of four hundred visitors round the Druids' Circle, and when the hour arrived the crowd was quite as large as tiiat which gathered for the bardic rites last year. The mere English- man. curious to see these Welshmen at their own game," tolerant but. critical found little room for criticism in the way the service opened, for it was evident that it va» to be a service of worship and not a meeting. A Welsh hymn was followed by a fervent prayer from the lips of the Rev. J. L. Williams, the president of the Aberystwyth F.C.C., and again in Welsh Mr. Roland Prys read a Psalm witli all the vigour and expression for -which Welsh Nonconformity is famous. The Rev. J. Williams. Brynsiencyn, would not be able to speak. announced the leader, and it transpired that he had been preaching all day and, although lie actually went to the meeting, he was unable to speak. This announcement, a little disappointing to the visitors, did not alter the trend of the pro- ceedings. for the Rev. J. H. Adams. Liverpool, a white-haired, picturesque figure mounted the stone and, speaking first in Welsh and then in English, urged the need of returning to the First Things. We are not here to disapprove of the action of our country." he said. "We rejoice in the part it has taken. But." and with his hands on his knees he leant down to his audience, "But there are many things that are wrong, and we must humble ourselves before God. Our nation and the nations of Europe have lost their grip on God. We will not recognize the supremacy of the Sermon on the Mount. That has no: been the supreme authority." The reference was fitting, for the crowd scattere-d on the grassy slopes was similar in many respects to that which heard the Master's voice nineteen hundred years before, "There has been too much Mammon worship," continued the speaker in the clear-cut diction of the ancient prophets. "There has been too much mammon worship in England and Wales; too much profiteering. They have condemned themselves by their inhumanity—their want of sympathy." He attacked the cult of pleasure, and as he warmed to his subject changed back without knowing it to his mother tongue, plead- ing for a higher conception of life than was shown in the phrase Business is business" and voicing the demand of the Welsh people for Prohibition. lOne wondered what would happen after the prophet had stepped down from his stone pulpit, seeing that the speaker of the evening was absent; but such wonder was unnecessary, for the president called on Mr. Thomas Thomas (Penglaise) to lead in prayer, and he did so with power and effect. I suppose the majority of the hearers could not understand Welsh, but many who did failed to remove their hats. It was a little thing, but it showed a deplorable lack of reverence. The leader then gave the meeting into the hands of the audience, extend- ing an open invitation to any who felt led to pray to do so. It was just then that one felt the thrill which would have been lacking if there had been set speeches. The visitors might have been there. or they might not. To the Welsh it was a meeting for prayer. It hacf riseii ham a celebration of tht anniversary of the war to be a meeting for prayer under a common roof, for a common Conae—nrayer t<j jy Father whose goodness falls on all men equally. There was a moment's silence, and a woman's shrill treble rose from near the stone. A strange ,hush fell on the hearers. Even the children stopped their play and listened to the rising and falling of a voice that grew stronger as it fell into something akin to the hwyl. Her words were inaudible. The crowd pressed closer in to catch a sentence here and there—a sentence of passionate earnest supplication. The sun had sunk behind dark clouds, the sky was heavy and lowering, and the woman's voice was inter- rupted only by the breaking of the waves on the near-by shore. It was not a long prayer, but its tones gripped the audience as nothing else did. "Guide me. 0 Thou Great Jehovah" followed; then a purely-Welsh hymn in which male and female voices took their correct parts to the wonderment of the visitors who could not follow if they would. Aberystwyth," however, found ample support and a more suitable setting for its singing it would have been impossible to find. A brief prayer in Welsh and the meeting was over-a meeting guided by an Unseen Hand memorable even to the most critical visitor and symbolical of the spirit which led Wales to give so nobly of her sons to the cause of freedom.

TOWYNT" There were no cases for hearing at Petty Sessions on Friday. The justices present were Lord Herbert Vane Tempest. Marmaduke Lewis. R. C. Anwyl, Meredith Jones, J Maeth- lon James Dd. Evans. Henry Evans, T. H. ldris. J. Lascelles, E. B. Proctor, D. L. Howell, E. L. Rowlands. Wm. Jones Hughes. and D. Ivor Jones, Esqrs. Applications for the vacant clerkehip caused by the death of Mr. Oswald Davies were read. After long consultation in private a ballot was taken between Mr. John Lloyd, solicitor. Towyn. and Mr. W. P. Row- lands. Machynlleth, the latter having acted as clerk during the absence in the army and dur- ing the illness of the late Clerk. Mr. Row- lands received ten votes to four. Mr. Rowlands, in thanking the Bench for the appointment, said he had also to thank them for the confi- dence placed in him. He had been honoured with a position in which able men had worked and all he could do was to try to emulate them. -The Chairman (Mr. Marmaduke Lewis) COB- trratulated Mr. Rowlands heartily on behalf of the Bench—The Clerk said the jury lists would have to be revised in October and the only available date would lit tne ^ott,.— were fixed ftir that date.

In consequence of the greatly increased colts now being borne by all newspapers, we have to announce that alisuce esse-, (such as the paw- ing of music examinations and obtaining eert1- ¡ ficates for shorthand) if accompanied by the names of the teachers, cannot be inserted with- 1 out the prepaid charge of 2s. 6d. This aoe6 not } apply to teachers wh^ are regular advertiser* in our columns.