Papurau Newydd Cymru

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5 erthygl ar y dudalen hon

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT.

Rhestrau Manwl, Canlyniadau a Chanllawiau
Dyfynnu
Rhannu

IMPERIAL PARLIAMENT. ASSESSED RATES. Mr Goschen explained his Bill on Thursday for amending the law with respect to Rates assessed on occupiers for short terms. Disclaiming at the outset any intention to revive the controversy of 1867, or to disturb the electoral machinery of the Reform Act, be dwelt on the numerous inconveniences produced by the abolition of the compounding system, which in many places had led to illegal arrangements between landlords and tenants with the collusion of the parochial authorities, and in others to excuses on an enormous scale. The difficulty he pointed out arose from this—that a Rate was always made in advance- never for less than a quarter of a Ytlar-and that the overseers had no legal power to collect Rates by in- stalments, although it was occasionally done by arrange- ment. The Bill, therefore, would go on the principle that in the case of weekly tenements it would be wiser to look rather to the landlord than the tenant as ultimately responsible tor the Rate. It proposed that the occupier for short terms should continue to be rated, and to have his name on the rate-book but that he should be at, liberty to deduct whatever Rates be paid from the rent due or accruing to the landlord. And lest be should be called on to pay a larger proportion of the Rate than would be covered by his tenincy, the over seers would be enabled to collect the Rate by instal- ments, with the proviso that no weekly tenant should be called on at one time to pay a larger sum than would amount to two weeks' rent. ThIs would Dot interfere with voluntary arrangements between land- lord and tenant-in fact, it would rather encourage them. The landlord would be compensated for this additional liability by a lower assessment of his houses. Finally, Mr Goschen explained that the Bill would apply to all boroughs Parliamentary and others. Mr Goldney remarked of the Bill that it seemed needlessly roundabout, and that the same end might have been attained by rating the landlord and collect- ing the Rates from him directly. Mr Bright repeated the oft narrated hardships of the town of Birmingham under the new system, and expressed a hope that the Bill, which offered a fair settlement of an embarrassing difficulty, would be dis- discussed without any party heat. Mr Lowther promised for the Opposition that it should be considered in a candid; spirit. The Bill was brought in. THE IRISH CHURCH. On Monday evening the House of Commons was crowded in every part. The Peers met early, and soon adjourned that they might be in time to hear the Premier in the other House. In the front row of their gallery the Archbishop of Canterbury, Duke of Cambridge, and Duke of Argyll sat together behind, Lord Hatberley's venerable head contrasted with the boyish looks of the youngest peer on the roll-the Duke of Norfolk. Dean Stanley, the Irish Chancellor, Mr Reverdy Johnson, and other diplomatists were also present. For three hours and a quarter the close attention of this large assembly was held by Mr Gladstone's delivery of one of his finest speeches, a model of calm. dispassionate, yet vigorous aud spirited argument aud lucid exposition. Excusing himself from the repetition of the well-worn and familiar arguments of Ia. session and the hustings, he contrived in a few broad, masterly strokes to give an artistic picture of the Church whose abolition he as- sumed had be,-n decreed by the voice alike of the late Parliament and the couutry which returned the present one—a church with, in many place, little else than a mere official population, buttressed by grants to Presby- terians and Catholics, and flagrantly unj ust and ano- malous that it had actually to be partly pulled down and wasted away by special rnactments, in order that its magnitude cons pared with its duties might not check the public eye too much. The prominent objections to t disestablishment and disendowmeut were sur^uiarlly reviewed and dismissed. Before it could oo said that such a policy would injure Prqt^tantfsm it should first be shown that the existing system had been a benefit. An illvasif1 oi the rights of property might perhaps bo i charged against the Church Temporalities Act c-f i«33, but not against the present measure; except on the ab- surd and futile pretence rarliarac-nt, which had absolute power over the course of property in the case of natural dasttent, had no right when once the artificial [ existence of what was called a corporaie,1 cad been created to control the existence of hf4t corporation, or I te extinguish it even qn4e? the gravest public exigency. As to the Act of Union there might be a verbal altera- tion in its terms, but its whole spirit and purport would be strethened and confirmed. Taking his stand on the fixed and definite assumption that the Irish Church must be abolished, he next defined the principles which should govern the process—while conducted not only with equity but indulgence towards existing interests, it must be prompt, final, and decisive, relieving the church, on the one hand, from the misery of a lingering death, and the kingdom from an irritating and dangerous controversy. Unfolding the plan of operations in the order of time, Mr Gladstone exhibited the various phases of existence through which the church would pass before it finally emerged in the character of a voluntary religious association. The exposition had much the effect of a dissolving view. You saw the scene gradually breaking up; new tints and outlines replacing each pnrt before it had faded quite away cer- tain features of the original design lingering oddly amid completely changed surroundings, like trees at sea, or a Greek temple in the Alps, till at last they too vanished, and the new picture was completely revealed, all traces of its predecessor having disappeared. First, the existing Ecclesiastical Commission gives way to the fresh one. Here and there small details undergo a change, incumbents as they die out being either re- placed provisionally, or their offices left vacant. After a pause of some eighteen months the draperies of Estab- lishment fall from off the church, her ministers losing all official rank, in the State, her bishops subsiding into ordinary commoners, and all ecclesiastical laws and jurisdiction ceasing except as a voluntary contract; the new governing body, devised by the bishops, clergy, and laity in consultation, and thoroughly representative of all three, as the government will have to be satisfied before recognizing it, now stands revealed. The only surviving relics of the old church are the life interests of incumbents, which are gradually absorbed by death cf inctimbeiat,?, which ire or commutation. With the establishment fade away too the Regium Donum and the Maynooth Grant, and after ten years the temporary Commission vanishes as well, and the Irish Church remains a simple, voluntary body amid other voluntary bodies who all rank equal with it in the eye of the State. During the first part -of Mr Gladstone's speech his audience were more charmed by his lucid simplicity of exposition than much interested in his plan. He had spoken for nearly two hours and attention was some- what flagging, when he stimulated it into a more earnest curiosity than before by the mention of the magic words Tithe Commutation Rent-charge. This was passing from what to many members doubtless savoured rather of abstract theory inio a very practical region indeed, where they were quite at home and personally interested in what mLht happen. There was a general production of pencils and fumbling for bits of paper for note-taking purposes, and Mr Gladstone's calculations on the sub- ject were closely taken down and checked, no doubt, with certain private applications of the figures. The result, on the whole, seemed to be satisfactoy. The sellers of rent-charges will get twenty-two and a half years' purchase, instead of the ordinary market price of six- teen or seventeen years and the public will not suffer, Mr Gladstone argued, by a lone at :3 per cent., which is what the tranctions will be indirectly. Mr Gladstone now proceeded to reckon np the capital in hand af ter'd isendo wing the church. Its income he fixed between the calculation of the Royal Commission and that of Colonel Adair, at £ 700,900 a year. The capi- tal account was thus composed Tithe-rent charge £ 9,000,000 Land and perpetuity rents. 6,250,000 Funds invested and in bank. 750,000 £16,000,000 The charges against this fund are as follows :— Life interests of 2,000 incumbents, in- cluding S800,000 to curates £ 4,900,000 Lay compensations, including £ 300,000 for ad vow sons 900,000 Private endowments 500,000 Building charges 250,000 Presbyterian claims and Maynooth 1,100,000 Expense of temporary Commission 200,000 j67,850,000 Having thus in hand beetween £ 7,000,000 ana £ 8,000,000 of surplus, the question arose, What waa to be done with it?" And here the attention of the House become still more concentrated, for the secret had been well kept, and as Mr Gladstone artfully raised one suggestion after another for its disposal, only to dis- miss it with some sharp peremptory argument, his hearers grew almost excited in their curiosity. It most be given exclusively to Ireland. No ecclesiastical object was permissible, no use involving indirect relief to im- perial taxation, or in the burdens which the rioh had had to bear for the poor. The county cess, which presses heavily on those least able to bear it, met these conditions, and the proposal of the Government is to apply the money to the purposes of this tax — that is to say, the relief of unavoidable calamity and snffering not provided for by the poor law, the maintenance of lunatic asylums, idiot, asylums, training schools for the deaf, dumb, and blind training schools for nnrses, and county infirmaries. The announcement was ap- parently so unexpected that members were not pre- pared to greet it with a responsive cheer; but the re- mark that such a use could not be called a secularization of property was afterwards warmly applauded, as was also Mr Gladstone's eloquent though, perhaps, rather too slowly solemn peroration. Mr Disraeli contented himself with declaring the unchanged opinion of his party as to the impropriety of a confiscating policy, although they were obliged to vied to public opinion in the matter, and, admitting that something must be done, reserved his criticism for a future occasion. 1- AGRICULTURE. A motion by Mr Acland for a Select Committee to inquire into the expediency of committing to some one department the duty of dealing with administrative and legislative questions affecting agriculture, gave rise to a debatg, on Tuesday, the chief interest of which attached to Mr Bright's connection with the subject. Mr Acland's notion was that a special department of the Board of Trade should be created for agricultural questions, and mentioned that at a recent bucolic par- liament the farmers present had expressed a strong desire to place themselves in Mr Bright's hands. Mr Bright acknowledged the compliment and referred to his successful efforts to benefit the agricultural com- munity by procuring for them the blessings of free trade. The best advice he could now give them was to come as little as possible to any Government office. They had much better take care of themselves and trust to their own exertions. Their present restlessness reminded him of the lady who sent for the doctor i, because she felt so well she was sure something was going to happen to her." Reviewing the long list of subjects which Mr Acland had suggested—transfer of land, improvement of cottages, cattle traffic, drainage, and tenant right (rather a delicate sub- ject for hon. gentleman opposite) — he said he wondered the Board of Trade was not asked also to deal with the question of the game laws. There were already six important departments, with fifty-seven subdivisions, at the Board of Trade, and it was proposed to effect a mutual exchange in regard to certain duties between the Board and the Home Office. He hoped, for one thing, that the statistical work of his office would soon be much improved. He would take care that agriculture was not neglected. Although the motion for a committee had been supported by Sir S. Xorthcote and other members, Mr Acland, satisfied with Mr Bright's assurance, withdrew it.

LIVERPOOL RACES.- WEDNESDAY.

HUNTING APPOINTMENTS.

Family Notices

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